DETAILED CHECKLIST

Wildfire evacuation checklist: harden your home and leave early

By Checklist Directory Editorial TeamContent Editor
Last updated: August 8, 2026
Expert ReviewedRegularly Updated

A wildfire evacuation checklist covers year-round defensible space, home hardening against embers, document backups, go-bag staging, smoke-day actions, leaving when orders hit, pets and livestock, and how to return safely afterward. Most structure loss starts with wind-blown embers, not a wall of flame, which is why cleaning gutters and sealing vents matters as much as knowing your two exit routes. Check off the steps below so you can harden the house in calm weather and leave early when alerts and road conditions say it is time.

Defensible Space Year-Round

Clear dead leaves, pine needles, and debris from roof and gutters

Maintain Zone 0 (0-5 feet): remove all combustible mulch, plants, and firewood

Keep Zone 1 (5-30 feet) lean: trim tree branches 10 feet from roof and chimney

Space trees and shrubs in Zone 2 (30-100 feet) to break continuous fuel

Remove dead or dying vegetation within 100 feet of structures

Store firewood and propane tanks at least 30 feet from the house

Keep grass mowed to 4 inches or less during fire season

Remove ladder fuels: low branches and shrubs under tree canopies

Clear debris from under decks, porches, and raised structures

Schedule annual defensible space inspection with local fire authority if offered

Home Hardening

Install ember-resistant vents (1/8-inch mesh or finer) in attic and crawl space

Replace single-pane windows with dual-pane tempered glass where budget allows

Box in eaves or use ember-resistant soffit materials

Use non-combustible or Class A roofing (metal, tile, or rated asphalt)

Install metal flashing where roof meets walls and at deck attachments

Replace wood fences attached to the house with metal or stone sections at the structure

Enclose open deck undersides with fire-resistant materials

Use ignition-resistant siding (fiber cement, stucco, or brick) on exposed walls

Install spark arrestor on chimney and keep it clean

Seal gaps around garage doors and install weather stripping

Document Prep

Photograph or video every room, including closets and garage, for insurance

Scan insurance policies, deeds, and titles to encrypted cloud storage

Copy passports, birth certificates, and Social Security cards

Gather prescription lists, medical records, and physician contact numbers

Document serial numbers for electronics, appliances, and tools

Confirm homeowner or renter policy covers wildfire and note claim phone number

Store physical copies in a fire-resistant safe or off-site with a trusted contact

Create a household inventory spreadsheet with purchase dates and values

Save digital copies of pet vaccination records and microchip numbers

Keep a printed contact list in case phones and networks fail

Go-Bag Staging

Pack N95 or P100 respirators for each household member

Stage three days of water (one gallon per person per day) near the exit

Include non-perishable food, manual can opener, and eating utensils

Pack a first aid kit with prescription medications and a two-week supply if possible

Add flashlight, headlamp, extra batteries, and a battery-powered radio

Include phone chargers, a power bank, and a paper map of evacuation routes

Pack a change of clothes, sturdy shoes, gloves, and a dust mask for each person

Keep cash in small bills and a backup credit or debit card

Place go-bags by the door with a checklist taped inside the closet

Rotate food, water, and medications every six months and after each fire season

When Smoke Arrives

Check air quality index (AQI) and local smoke forecasts daily during fire season

Close all windows and doors; run HVAC on recirculate with a MERV-13 filter if available

Seal gaps around windows and doors with weather stripping or damp towels

Move outdoor furniture, doormats, and cushions away from the house or indoors

Connect hoses to spigots and test water pressure at exterior outlets

Fill bathtubs and large containers with water for firefighting and sanitation backup

Park vehicles facing out of the driveway with a full tank of gas

Monitor Cal Fire, local sheriff, or emergency alert apps for zone updates

Limit outdoor activity; keep children, elderly, and those with asthma indoors

Review your evacuation zone number and identify two exit routes on paper

Evacuation Order

Leave immediately when an evacuation order is issued for your zone

Wear long sleeves, cotton or wool clothing, sturdy boots, and a respirator

Grab go-bags, documents, wallet, keys, and phones from the staging area

Load pets into carriers before anything else

Leave gates open for fire crews if you have a long driveway

Turn off gas at the meter and shut off propane tanks if time allows

Leave exterior and interior lights on so firefighters can see the house in smoke

Do not use garden hoses unless instructed; water pressure may be needed for crews

Follow designated evacuation routes; do not take shortcuts through canyons or back roads

Text an out-of-area contact with your route and destination; avoid phone calls on congested networks

Pets & Livestock

Microchip pets and keep collar tags with current phone numbers

Pack pet go-bags with food, water, bowls, leashes, and medications for one week

Keep carriers and crates accessible near the exit before fire season starts

Identify pet-friendly hotels or shelters along your evacuation route

Place a pet alert sticker on front windows listing species and number of animals

For horses and large animals, practice trailer loading monthly during fire season

Coordinate with neighbors on livestock evacuation if you share pasture or barn space

Register large animals with county agriculture or emergency livestock programs

Never leave pets tied up, crated indoors, or loose in the yard during evacuation

Keep a recent photo of each pet on your phone for identification at shelters

Return & Recovery

Wait for official re-entry clearance before returning to your property

Watch for downed power lines, hot ash pits, and unstable trees on approach

Wear boots, gloves, long pants, and an N95 mask when walking burned areas

Photograph all damage before moving or cleaning anything for insurance

Contact your insurance company within 24 hours to start a claim

Do not drink tap water until the utility confirms it is safe

Discard food, medications, and cosmetics exposed to heat, smoke, or ash

Have a licensed electrician inspect wiring before restoring power

Document cleanup costs and keep receipts for FEMA or insurance reimbursement

Connect with local disaster recovery centers for housing, food, and mental health support

If you live anywhere from the Santa Monica Mountains to the Sierra foothills, wildfire season is part of the calendar now. Red flag warnings show up on your phone. Smoke hangs over the 405 on a Tuesday. That does not mean you need to panic. It means you need a plan you have actually walked through, not one you saved in a bookmark three summers ago.

Most homes that burn in a wildfire are not hit by a wall of flame. They catch from embers that drift a mile or more ahead of the fire front. That is why the work on this checklist splits into two tracks: hardening your house against embers year-round, and knowing exactly when and how to leave before the roads turn into parking lots.

Defensible space year-round

Cal Fire's defensible space rules break your property into three zones. Zone 0, the first five feet around your house, should have zero combustible material. No bark mulch against the foundation. No stacked firewood under the eaves. No juniper bushes touching the siding. I know the landscaping looked great when you planted it. Fire does not care.

Zone 1 runs from 5 to 30 feet out. Keep tree branches trimmed at least 10 feet from your roof and chimney. Remove dead plants, dry grass, and fallen needles regularly. Zone 2, from 30 to 100 feet, is about spacing: break up continuous fuel so fire slows down before it reaches your structure. Mow grass to four inches during fire season. Clear debris from under decks and porches. Move propane tanks and firewood piles at least 30 feet from the house.

This is not a one-weekend project. Schedule a walk-through every spring before the Santa Anas or Diablo winds pick up. Some counties offer free defensible space inspections. Take them up on it.

Home hardening

Ember-resistant vents are one of the highest-impact upgrades you can make. Standard attic vents let embers blow straight into your insulation. Swap them for 1/8-inch mesh or finer. While you are up there, box in open eaves if you have them. Embers love to nest in those gaps.

Roofing matters too. Class A rated materials (metal, tile, or certain asphalt shingles) resist ignition far better than old wood shake. Dual-pane tempered glass windows hold up longer than single-pane when radiant heat hits. If a wood fence runs right up to your house, replace the last five feet with metal or stone so fire does not use the fence as a fuse into your garage.

NFPA research on the Marshall Fire and Camp Fire both pointed to the same pattern: small gaps around garage doors, unscreened vents, and combustible attachments were where houses failed. Seal what you can. Upgrade what you can afford. You do not need a fortress. You need fewer places for an ember to sit and smolder.

Document prep

Insurance companies will ask for proof of what you owned. Walk through every room with your phone camera. Open closets. Film the garage. Save those files to cloud storage and give a copy to someone outside your zip code.

Scan your homeowner policy and confirm wildfire coverage. Note the claims phone number somewhere that is not only on your phone. Copy passports, birth certificates, and prescription lists. A fire-resistant safe helps, but off-site copies matter more because safes melt too.

Go-bag staging

Your go-bag should live by the door from June through November, not in the back of a closet. N95 respirators for everyone. Three days of water. Non-perishable food. Medications. Cash in small bills. A paper map of two evacuation routes because cell networks fail when everyone tries to leave at once.

Rotate food and meds every six months. Tape a short checklist inside the closet so a neighbor or family member can grab your bag if you are not home when the order comes. Ready.gov recommends enough supplies to sustain yourself for at least 72 hours after you leave.

When smoke arrives

Smoke in the air does not always mean evacuate now. It does mean pay attention. Check the AQI on AirNow.gov. Close windows and run your HVAC on recirculate. If you have a MERV-13 filter, install it before fire season starts, not the morning the sky turns orange.

Move patio furniture and doormats away from the house. Connect hoses and test spigots. Park your car facing out with a full tank. Pull up your evacuation zone on your county alert app and know your zone number. When smoke is thick, the people who fare best are the ones who were already packed.

Evacuation order

When your zone gets an evacuation order, leave. Not in an hour. Now. Cal Fire and Ready.gov both say the same thing: go early. Roads out of canyon communities like Malibu, Paradise, and the Oakland hills have bottlenecked every time people waited to see flames.

Wear long sleeves and sturdy boots. Grab go-bags, pets in carriers, keys, and wallets. Leave gates open for fire crews. Turn off gas at the meter if you have time. Leave lights on inside and out so firefighters can find your house in smoke. Text an out-of-area contact with your route. Do not call unless you have to; networks get crushed during mass evacuations.

Pets and livestock

If you have pets, your evacuation plan starts with them. Most Red Cross shelters do not take animals. Find pet-friendly hotels or county animal evacuation sites along your route before you need them. Keep carriers by the door. Practice loading horses into trailers monthly if you have livestock. Register large animals with your county ag office.

Never leave a pet tied up or crated indoors when you evacuate. Put a pet alert sticker on your front window listing how many animals are inside in case firefighters arrive before you can get back.

Return and recovery

Coming home after a fire is its own kind of hard. Wait for official re-entry clearance. Downed power lines and hot ash pits stay dangerous for days. Wear boots, gloves, and an N95 mask. Photograph everything before you touch it. Call your insurer within 24 hours.

Do not drink tap water until the utility says it is safe. Toss food and medications exposed to heat or smoke. Have an electrician check your wiring before you flip the breaker back on. Local disaster recovery centers, often run through FEMA and county offices, can help with temporary housing and cleanup costs.

What to do right now

Wildfire prep is mostly boring work done on quiet weekends. Defensible space trimming in April. Vent upgrades in May. Go-bag rotation in October. The payoff is not drama. It is getting your family out in 10 minutes instead of 45, with your dog, your prescriptions, and a clear route down the hill.

For related preparedness guides, see our vehicle emergency preparedness checklist, our family car emergency kit guide, our essential home safety guide, and our pet emergency preparedness checklist.

Sources and References

The following sources were referenced in the creation of this checklist:

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